All living things need food so survive. Food provides us with energy to play, work and study. We get food from plant and animal sources. Food is also necessary for us to grow, to stay alive and to fight against diseases. We eat different substances (food), which are useful to us for doing different things. Theses useful substances are called nutrients. Different foods have different nutrients. Body building food Protein is a body building food. This food is helpful in proper growth and repairing of body parts. Cheese, fish, milk, pulses, eggs, meat, etc. are some protein consisting of nutrients. Energy giving food Carbohydrates and fats are energy-giving foods. These nutrients provide us with energy to play, study and work. Rice, maize, wheat, potatoes, sugar, etc. are the main sources of carbohydrates, and ghee, oil, nuts, animal, fats, vegetable fats, etc. are the main sources of fat. Fats also keep our body. Protective food Vitamins and mineral salts are protective food. These nutrients keep our body healthy, protect from diseases and help us to work properly. Fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, peas, beans, liver, milk, etc. consist of several vitamins and minerals. Calcium, iodine, iron, etc. are some common minerals. Calcium makes our bones teeth strong. Water What do you do when you are thirsty? You drink water, don’t you? Besides all nutrients, our body needs sufficient amount of water every day. We must drink plenty of clean boiled water every day. Water is essential for proper functioning of all the organs of our body. To stay healthy, we need to drink 6-8 glasses of water every day. Balanced diet Our daily food which we eat is called diet. Our body needs a right amount of nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fat, vitamins, minerals, water) in our diet. Such a proportionate diet is known as a balanced diet. We must eat different types of food every day in order to fulfill the requirements of all nutrients. Can you say why we eat some foods raw? We should eat food after we cook it properly. Overcooking may destroy vitamins and even the taste of food. We should wash vegetables and fruits before we eat or cook. Food can be preserved by keeping inside a refrigerator, drying or canning. Foods can be spoilt if it consists of water and if bacteria or fungi from in them.
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